Endometriosis affects approximately 10% of women worldwide, which translates to about 190 million people, according to the WHO.
In the United States, around 11% of women aged 15 to 44 experience this condition. Similarly, in countries like Mexico, it affects about 10% of the female population.
Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the endometrium grows outside the uterus or in other parts of the body. This tissue thickens and bleeds during the menstrual cycle in areas where it shouldn’t, causing various complications.
What to keep in mind about Endometriosis
A recent study published in the Journal of Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy surveyed 55,411 women diagnosed with endometriosis. The findings revealed significant negative impacts not only on physical health but also on psychological, personal, and social well-being, as well as health-related quality of life.
The study highlights several challenges faced by women with endometriosis, including:
• Difficulty managing daily tasks.
• Struggles to engage in activities they previously enjoyed.
• A significant impact on essential responsibilities such as cooking, shopping, cleaning, and childcare.
• A decrease in work quality, reported by 85% of participants.
• Inability to work due to severe pain.
• Loss of workdays related to treatments, surgeries, and recovery periods.
• An average of 7.4 hours of lost productivity per period due to extreme pain and other symptoms.
Endometriosis is a complex condition, and in addition to its symptoms and primary affected areas, researchers have identified several other regions that may be impacted, including:
• Bladder
• Rectum
• Appendix
• Deep pelvic nerves
• Ureters
• Anterior abdominal wall
• Abdominal skin
• Diaphragm
• Pleura
• Lungs
• Pericardium
• Brain
While not all cases involve these areas, pelvic the condition can sometimes cause complications in other parts of the body. It is crucial to recognize that the condition can affect multiple regions simultaneously.
Endometriosis also impacts psychological well-being, particularly in young women, whose academic and professional lives may be significantly disrupted. Anxiety and depression are common mental health conditions associated with endometriosis, often accompanied by stress and, in some cases, potential infertility.
Types of the illness:
There are three recognized types of endometriosis:
• Superficial/Peritoneal Endometriosis (SUP): In its mildest form, lesions may appear on the peritoneum.
• Ovarian Endometriomas (OMA): Cystic masses develop due to the accumulation of ectopic endometrial tissue within the ovaries.
• Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis (DIE): The most severe type, where endometrial tissue penetrates at least 5mm below the peritoneal surface, potentially affecting organs such as the bladder, intestines, or urethra.
Multidisciplinary Approach to Treatment:
Effective treatment for endometriosis goes beyond medication. A multidisciplinary approach often involves various specialists, including psychologists, nutritionists, gynecologists, fertility experts, and radiology technicians.
- Hormonal Medications: These can alleviate symptoms but do not cure the condition.
- Transvaginal Ultrasound: Used to examine reproductive organs such as the uterus, ovaries, and cervix. A probe is inserted into the vagina to perform this diagnostic test.
- Pelvic Laparoscopy: A minimally invasive procedure allowing specialists to view the abdomen and pelvis for accurate diagnosis.
Treatment plans vary depending on the individual’s symptoms and needs. While some patients may benefit from hormonal therapies, others might require surgery. Every case is unique, and treatment decisions should be carefully tailored to ensure the best quality of life for each patient.
Impact of Endometriosis
Endometriosis can significantly affect a person’s life in ways that go beyond physical health. While it impacts hormones and physical well-being, it also takes a toll on mental health. Patients often experience challenges that can disrupt their emotional state, underscoring the importance of a comprehensive care approach.
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